ALEXANDER JOBLING
BTEC MEDIA
Glossary
Assignment 2
Horizontal Intergration
Is where a production company expands into other areas of one industry. This means that the company can develop in a particular area of production or meaning that they can buy out another company that deals with these areas.
Synergy (product placement)
Vertical Intergration
Is when the production company has the ownership of the means of production, distribution and exhibition of the film by the same company, because of this they receive all of the profit.
Synergy is the promotion and sale of a product within films, examples of this would be soundtracks, phones and laptops.
Using synergy in film, can increase the profit margin of said film.
Financial Determinants
Financial Determinants is one of the main factors that influence the production of films. The more money that is available, the more flexibility filmmakers have on a project. There is more money available in recent years for productions than what there used to be. However, most filmmakers try to spend as little as possible on films so that more profit is made.
Examples of this are The Breakfast Club and Zoolander. The Breakfast Club, was given about 1million US$ to be made in the 1985, whereas Zoolander, was given 28 million US$ to be made in 2001
Political and Regulatory Issues
Film, is perhaps that most regulated industry in the world. It is also much harder in Britain then in any other country, this is because of the regulations that are in place; these are set by the BBFC, not the Government. These regulations though are interpreted by people, so are purely subjective.
However, the movies that are banned represent the social-political views at the time; for example in the 1920's-1949 revolutionary propoganda, or anti-war sentiments were banned, whereas in the 1950's-60's nudity and pro communist sentiments, if found in movies were banned.
However technology is changing, and so is the role of the BBFC, as it is now eaiser to find out if films have been cut in their British versions. Also current technology makes it equally simple to order uncut and unclassified videos and DVDs from elsewhere. If this practice becomes widespread enough to affect the British film industry economically, it is likely that pressure will be applied on the BBFC to reflect this, and thus to change.
Distribution and Exhibition
Distribution is about releasing and sustaining films in the market place (cinemas), this is how they show they keep the 'hype' for the film, how they keep people going to the film.
This also relates it back to horizontal and vertical intergration, as it is how they keep people going to see the fim, by owning all the products back to the film.
Trends
The trends of the film industry, in 2016 there are six major film studioes, they have have great sway over the films that are watched, and what films are made. This, also has a big effect on the advertising of films, as they own the advertising agencies, that advertise for them. For example the actor Jason Bateman in 2011 made the movie The Change Up; it took $13,531,115 (US) in its first weekend. He also in 2011, made the movie Horrible Bosses; it took $28,302,165 (US), on its opening weekend. (He starred in both of the movies). The reason that the movies did so differently, in their opening weekend, is that they were produced, and thus marketed by different companies. The Change Up, was produced and marketed by Universal Pictures, whilst Horrible Bosses was produced and marketed by New Line Cinema. Universal, are one of the big six film production companies; whilst New Line Cinema, is not and must hire out for its marketing, whilst Universal, has it's marketing in house.